Quintus Aurelius Symmachus

Quintus Aurelius Symmachus

senator|345-402 AD|Rome
Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (c. 345–402) was the last great champion of Rome's pagan aristocracy — a senator, orator, and prolific letter writer who treated correspondence the way a modern politician treats networking. Born into one of Rome's most powerful families, he served as proconsul of Africa, urban prefect of Rome, and consul, always moving in the circles where old money and old religion still held sway. His most famous moment was the appeal to restore the Altar of Victory to the Roman Senate house in 384, a cause he lost to Ambrose of Milan — but one that crystallized the final confrontation between paganism and Christianity at the highest levels of Roman government. His surviving letters — nearly 900 of them, the largest collection from any late Roman figure — are a masterclass in aristocratic self-presentation. They are polished, elegant, and almost pathologically discreet: Symmachus rarely says anything controversial, rarely reveals strong emotion, and almost never discusses politics directly. What he does, constantly, is maintain relationships. He recommends friends for appointments, congratulates colleagues on promotions, exchanges literary compliments, and arranges the spectacles for his son's praetorian games with almost obsessive attention to detail (including a memorable disaster involving crocodiles). His correspondents include nearly every important figure of late fourth-century Rome. What makes Symmachus historically significant is precisely what makes him frustrating to read: the letters reveal how Rome's elite actually functioned. This was a world held together by favors, recommendations, and carefully maintained social networks — and Symmachus was its supreme practitioner. His letters are the closest thing we have to watching the Roman aristocracy work in real time, and they show a class of people who believed, right up to the end, that civilization meant keeping up appearances.
678
Letters sent
10
Letters received
688
Total letters
10
Correspondents

Top correspondents

All letters (688)

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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 365 AD

Lest my interruption of correspondence be counted against me as a fault, I prefer to be prompt in my duty rather...

symmachus #1001
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From Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 365 AD

This is a letter where the social gap between us actually shapes what we write.

symmachus #1002
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 365 AD

This is the famous Paralius — whose own father, by accusing him, did him as much good as harm.

symmachus #2001
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 365 AD

Let antiquity, so lavish with praise, fall silent — the age that honored Apelles, Zeuxis, and their like with...

symmachus #2002
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To Julianusc. 365 AD

I'm writing from the country, paying you my usual tribute of correspondence.

symmachus #3001
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To Julianusc. 365 AD

Ancient custom dictates that those who travel abroad should write home first, but affection overrides protocol and...

symmachus #3002
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To Stilichoc. 365 AD

I feel utterly unequal to the task of thanking you properly for what you've done for my son Flavianus.

symmachus #4002
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 365 AD

Your letter brightened my day, and your words doubled the pleasure of our household's birthday celebration.

symmachus #6002
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 365 AD

Take this opening salvo of fatherly words with good cheer, and be generous in returning the favor going forward.

symmachus #7001
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 365 AD

The moment a familiar opportunity to write presented itself, I didn't hesitate to put my longing for you on paper.

symmachus #7002
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To Aleviumc. 365 AD

I'm overjoyed to hear you're well and that you haven't forgotten our friendship amid the hardships of public business.

symmachus #8002
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To Dionysiumc. 365 AD

[To an unnamed friend] I'm renewing my recommendation of Euscius, not starting one from scratch — when you were in...

symmachus #9001
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To Emperor Valentinianc. 365 AD

My duties are not yet finished, and the city's demands are not yet satisfied.

symmachus #10001
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 366 AD

I'm deeply grateful to learn that you don't find my letters tasteless, and I consider it a real gift that my...

symmachus #1003
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 366 AD

...and so I've returned to the Bay of Baiae, since Baiae was quiet by then.

symmachus #1004
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 366 AD

Wanting to know how your family's business is going — that's the mark of a loyal and honorable concern.

symmachus #2003
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 366 AD

Relax — take a break and enjoy your leisure.

symmachus #2004
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To Julianusc. 366 AD

It's perfectly reasonable for you to demand frequent letters from me — but it's not reasonable to jump to dark...

symmachus #3003
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To Julianusc. 366 AD

The experts in rhetoric say there's no controversy when both sides are guilty of the same thing.

symmachus #3004
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To Stilichoc. 366 AD

You'll learn from the official senate records exactly what the most distinguished order [the Roman Senate] decreed...

symmachus #4003
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To Stilichoc. 366 AD

[To a friend] A man traveling to give thanks needs no letter of introduction, so my son Flavianus, relying on the...

symmachus #4004
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 366 AD

Grand requests require a preamble; for easy favors, there's no need for elaborate pleading.

symmachus #6003
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 366 AD

I'm sending you a second letter so that my steady stream of words can be a comfort to us both.

symmachus #7003
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 366 AD

The consular magnificence did full justice to the circus games.

symmachus #7004
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 366 AD

The grain supply from Africa has been interrupted; I write to report the situation and to request the imperial...

symmachus #10002
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 366 AD

The recommendation I make in this letter is made on the basis of genuine knowledge and genuine judgment, not merely...

symmachus #10003
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 367 AD

You certainly imitate the style of Menippean Varro, but you surpass his talent.

symmachus #1005
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 367 AD

It's no use accusing me of silence — I've been scrupulous about keeping up my correspondence, and there's hardly...

symmachus #1006
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 367 AD

Having covered the coast beyond Formiae that stretches toward Axyr, we won't delay the ship and its rowers.

symmachus #2006
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To Julianusc. 367 AD

This letter's Latin text is heavily corrupted by OCR artifacts and critical apparatus, making continuous translation...

symmachus #3005
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To Julianusc. 367 AD

A welcome opportunity has arisen to send you word of my well-being.

symmachus #3006
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To Stilichoc. 367 AD

Your silence has been long, and I've endured it patiently in the hope that you'd eventually write.

symmachus #4005
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To Stilichoc. 367 AD

[The text of this letter is heavily intermixed with critical apparatus notes, making large portions unreliable for...

symmachus #4006
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 367 AD

I received your letter with such pleasure that I confess all my earlier complaints have been forgotten — the charm...

symmachus #6005
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 367 AD

I expect another letter of mine will reach you first, since the carriers of this one are following a slow pack-mule...

symmachus #7005
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 367 AD

The public games require animals from the provinces, and the provincial governors have been less cooperative than...

symmachus #10004
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 367 AD

A legal question has arisen in the administration of the city that requires an imperial rescript to resolve; I set...

symmachus #10005
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 368 AD

People who hope to receive a gift are usually the impatient ones.

symmachus #1007
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 368 AD

I'm in good spirits now that you've remembered your promise and set out.

symmachus #1008
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 368 AD

A matter close to my heart demands your assistance.

symmachus #2007
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 368 AD

Your first letter reached me — so short, so hurried, it seemed to be imitating your journey.

symmachus #2008
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To Julianusc. 368 AD

I received your letter with such delight — arriving as it did after a long silence — that I confess I've completely...

symmachus #3007
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To Julianusc. 368 AD

I received your letter with such pleasure — coming as it did after a long silence — that I confess I've completely...

symmachus #3008
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To Stilichoc. 368 AD

This is a long letter whose text is substantially intermixed with critical apparatus and OCR artifacts.

symmachus #4007
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To Stilichoc. 368 AD

A certain sense of propriety held me back from writing first.

symmachus #4008
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 368 AD

Your letter was delivered to me while I was staying at the seventh milestone on the Via Ostiensis [the road from...

symmachus #6006
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 368 AD

Our trip abroad has been extended by a few extra days, since the rains have postponed the games.

symmachus #7007
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To Romec. 368 AD

This letter spans several pages and is heavily interspersed with critical apparatus.

symmachus #8006
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To Baulic. 369 AD

For some time now the silent Lucrine waters have been longing for you, and the smooth bay of Baiae, and Puteoli...

symmachus #1009
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 369 AD

We were worried the rain would hold you up.

symmachus #1010
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 369 AD

Both my respect for you and my sense of duty would make any occasion for writing worth seizing — let alone one as...

symmachus #2009
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To Julianusc. 369 AD

You expect longer letters from me.

symmachus #3009
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To Stilichoc. 369 AD

The opportunity of a reliable carrier has given me a chance to pay you my respects by letter.

symmachus #4009
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To Magnillumc. 369 AD

[To a friend about Anastasius] You know our friend Anastasius well — you've seen him often in your own home.

symmachus #5008
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 369 AD

Your letter was delivered while I was at the seventh milestone along the Via Ostiensis, and I immediately arranged...

symmachus #6008
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 369 AD

A certain convention kept me from being the first to write — old custom requires that travelers initiate the...

symmachus #6009
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 369 AD

I trust that a steady flow of letters from me is enough to comfort your heart.

symmachus #7008
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 369 AD

I'm delighted that your letters sparkle with sharp observations and clever turns of phrase.

symmachus #7009
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To Evdoxiumc. 369 AD

It serves the public interest that greater responsibilities have been entrusted to you.

symmachus #8008
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 370 AD

Is this really my luck — that everywhere I turn, there's something that needs rebuilding?

symmachus #1011
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 370 AD

The silence between us has grown long enough that I feel the weight of it, and I write now partly to discharge the...

symmachus #2011
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To Naucelliusc. 370 AD

This letter's text is heavily interspersed with critical apparatus notes.

symmachus #3010
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To Naucelliusc. 370 AD

You want longer letters from me.

symmachus #3011
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To Stilichoc. 370 AD

This is a lengthy letter substantially corrupted by OCR artifacts and interwoven editorial apparatus.

symmachus #4010
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To Stilichoc. 370 AD

I've received your letter, and with it the pleasant news that you and your family are well.

symmachus #4011
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To Magnillumc. 370 AD

I was glad to learn from your letter that everything is going well for you and that your public responsibilities are...

symmachus #5011
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 370 AD

After this greeting, I turn to a matter that demands your attention.

symmachus #6010
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 370 AD

I've wanted to write to you for some time, but the demands of public and private business have kept my pen idle.

symmachus #6011
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 370 AD

Our friend Annius was passing through so quickly that all I could manage was a bare word of greeting.

symmachus #7010
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 370 AD

My spirits lift every time a letter from you arrives.

symmachus #7011
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To Antiochumc. 370 AD

This letter contains multiple sections interspersed with critical apparatus.

symmachus #8011
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To Marcellusc. 370 AD

A fragmentary letter header; the text of this letter is largely lost, surviving only as a partial heading in the...

symmachus #9011
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To Emperor Valentinianc. 370 AD

A poet of real quality has appeared among the younger men of the senatorial class; I draw your attention to him...

symmachus #10011
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To Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachusc. 371 AD

...so that we may hear good news of your health and your affairs, and pass this short time we plan to spend in...

symmachus #1012
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 371 AD

Your daughter's birthday was approaching, and the gifts you'd sent arrived at just the right moment.

symmachus #1013
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 371 AD

...I'm waiting impatiently for your arrival.

symmachus #2012
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 371 AD

I have learned that several people were strolling around our city's forum after receiving letters from me, and I am...

symmachus #2013
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To Rome andc. 371 AD

Your servant delivered two letters from you, and I would be guilty of bad faith if I did not reply in kind.

symmachus #3012
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To Naucelliusc. 371 AD

I count it a personal credit that you've announced your long-desired return.

symmachus #3013
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To Protadiusc. 371 AD

You know that our silence is an equal offense on both sides, and so the blame is unfairly placed on me alone for...

symmachus #4012
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To Protadiusc. 371 AD

To a friend (~371 AD):

symmachus #4013
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 371 AD

The frequency of my earlier letters has used up everything worth writing.

symmachus #6013
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 371 AD

The news of your illness alarmed me terribly, even though the same letter reassured me that your health had been...

symmachus #7012
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 371 AD

Conflicting rumors slowed my journey.

symmachus #7013
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To Pastinatumc. 371 AD

Among the good things parents leave behind, friendship too deserves to be inherited -- and perhaps one should pursue...

symmachus #8012
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To Strategiumc. 371 AD

May this custom endure, and may the mutual assurance of well-being be renewed between us year after year.

symmachus #8013
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To A friend in Spain (name lost)c. 371 AD

Other letters of mine have been chasing you across Spain -- I had assumed you were living there because of the...

symmachus #9012
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 372 AD

You ask me for longer letters.

symmachus #1015
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 372 AD

When I was surveying in writing the civil and military achievements of our lord Theodosius [Emperor Theodosius I, r.

symmachus #2014
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 372 AD

I took Aurelianus — my protege, who now commands the urban cohorts — into my circle of friends at your suggestion.

symmachus #2015
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To Naucelliusc. 372 AD

You will perhaps accuse me of an excessively long silence.

symmachus #3015
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To Minervius and Alexanderc. 372 AD

My friend Gaudentius has taken refuge in your protection -- a man who deserves to be loved in every respect.

symmachus #4014
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To Stilichoc. 372 AD

I know what you think of me.

symmachus #4015
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 372 AD

Since no official courier was available, I entrusted this letter to a private traveler.

symmachus #7014
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To Attalumc. 372 AD

...I entered Milan on the day before the Kalends of March [February 28], after a long and winding detour.

symmachus #7015
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To A friend in Spain (name lost)c. 372 AD

I take great pleasure whenever I receive one of your letters.

symmachus #9013
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To Emperor Valentinianc. 372 AD

The news from the Danube frontier has been better in the past month than in the previous year, which is a relief;...

symmachus #10013
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To Emperor Valentinianc. 372 AD

The prefectural records require an imperial confirmation on a question of precedent; I set out the question in the...

symmachus #10014
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 373 AD

So where am I supposed to find an abundant supply of words when you've lent me nothing in the way of literary capital?

symmachus #1016
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 373 AD

I'd nearly resigned myself to writing you a brief, empty letter — there was nothing worth reporting, and when...

symmachus #1017
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 373 AD

I wrote this letter for the modest and devoted Marcellus and Romanus more as a gesture of friendship than with any...

symmachus #2016
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 373 AD

If you haven't yet learned about my son Nicasius's praiseworthy character and honorable way of life, then accept as...

symmachus #2017
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To Naucelliusc. 373 AD

The person who brings you this letter is known to me in the way that one knows people whose family one has done...

symmachus #3016
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To Gregoriusc. 373 AD

I have good grounds for complaint: you were raised to the honor of a pontificate and gave me no sign of our shared joy.

symmachus #3017
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To Stilichoc. 373 AD

Let your concern for me extend beyond surface courtesy.

symmachus #4016
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To Protadiusc. 373 AD

I owe it to men of proven worth to recommend them to you, since admission to your circle of friends is a supreme gift.

symmachus #4017
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 373 AD

I foresaw the fear that news of my illness would cause you.

symmachus #6016
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To Attalusc. 373 AD

Our friendship had led me to expect your visit.

symmachus #7016
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To Geminianusc. 373 AD

While you are busy relieving the hardships of the provincials, a heavier blow has fallen on the Apulians.

symmachus #9015
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 374 AD

[Only a fragment survives:] I am often urged by your warm correspondence to write about the literary studies we've...

symmachus #1018
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 374 AD

Here is your son — whom I've pried from my own comfort to satisfy your longing.

symmachus #2019
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To Gregoriusc. 374 AD

You are certainly blessed with natural gifts and intellectual talent, but even you will find it hard to excuse such...

symmachus #3018
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To Protadiusc. 374 AD

To a friend: Even when I was staying in Milan, I observed the courtesy of greeting you, and now that I have...

symmachus #4018
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To Campaniac. 374 AD

To our friend Castor, who is returning to Campania, I've entrusted more verbal instructions about household matters...

symmachus #6018
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To Attalusc. 374 AD

This letter survives only in fragmentary form, with the manuscript text too damaged to reconstruct reliably.

symmachus #7017
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To Attalusc. 374 AD

I'm glad you missed hearing from me, but I reject any charge of negligence.

symmachus #7018
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To Campaniac. 374 AD

If you know my heart at all, you can't doubt that poor health was the only thing keeping me from writing.

symmachus #8017
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To Romanumc. 374 AD

My son is out of danger, thank God, but he's suffering from a weakness that borders on illness.

symmachus #8018
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To Pompeiac. 374 AD

I have no doubt that you care about men of quality -- for your own character must take pleasure in the company of...

symmachus #9018
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 375 AD

Sicily's provincial assembly has sent Ambrosius, one of the leading men of the provincial bar, to our lords and...

symmachus #1020
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 375 AD

Even if I could honor you with letters every single day, I still wouldn't feel I'd done my duty as the situation...

symmachus #1021
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 375 AD

I come to the aid of my conscience, which will not allow me to remain indebted to the services of friends.

symmachus #2020
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To Gregoriusc. 375 AD

You've chosen the easier topic.

symmachus #3020
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To Florentinus and others (multiple letters)c. 375 AD

You excuse yourself for your long silence.

symmachus #4019
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To Protadiusc. 375 AD

Resume the path of our long-neglected custom — I lead the way, being the first to break our shared offense of silence.

symmachus #4020
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To Spartan brevityc. 375 AD

Your letter was trimmed to Spartan brevity but overflows with substance.

symmachus #5019
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 375 AD

I would gladly have helped Taburus's brother, whom you asked me to assist, and would have done so without...

symmachus #6020
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To Attalusc. 375 AD

So I've been keeping silent for nothing, waiting confidently for you to keep your promise.

symmachus #7020
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To Serviumc. 375 AD

And if fortune favors, I'll follow the letter in person soon.

symmachus #8019
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To Dionysiumc. 375 AD

Break into the gifts of familiar writing and share with me whatever you've accomplished in administering the city's...

symmachus #8020
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 375 AD

The memory of the former consul Petronius, whose home was in Ariminum [Rimini], requires me to defend his orphaned...

symmachus #9019
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To Bassusc. 375 AD

The honorable Severus has enlisted me in fulfilling his dearest wish.

symmachus #9020
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 376 AD

People who lack confidence in themselves seek letters of recommendation from me.

symmachus #1022
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 376 AD

Duty suggested I should write, since the person delivering this letter hopes for more from your judgment than from mine.

symmachus #2021
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To Gregoriusc. 376 AD

I wish I could use you as my envoy to the excellent consul to explain and excuse my absence -- if I knew that you...

symmachus #3021
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To Naucelliusc. 376 AD

You possess such an abundance of eloquence that you earn pardon for your previous silence through the excellence of...

symmachus #3022
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To A friend in Spain (name lost)c. 376 AD

I reap annual harvests of joy from your letters -- this is the return, these are the riches that Spain pays me.

symmachus #4021
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To Protadiusc. 376 AD

A fragmentary letter surviving only as a partial heading and brief reference in the manuscript.

symmachus #4022
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 376 AD

My brother Entrechius, a man of distinction, sent his children away -- driven by a father's impatient love, with the...

symmachus #6022
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To Attalusc. 376 AD

I'd just come back from the coast at Formiae to my house on the Caelian Hill [one of Rome's seven hills] when I...

symmachus #7021
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 376 AD

You've redeemed two offenses against friendship in a single letter, with wit as your payment: you'd been away too...

symmachus #7022
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To Aurelianusc. 376 AD

I would devote a long letter to the merits of our mutual friend Eusebius, if you did not already know more than I...

symmachus #9022
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 377 AD

Our ancestors did well and wisely — as was their way in so many things — when they built the temples of Honor and...

symmachus #1023
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 377 AD

...long days on the road, rough lodgings, the creeping cold, the shrinking daylight, and all the other hazards of...

symmachus #1024
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 377 AD

I practically seized Simplicius, the imperial agent, at the very gate of the Via Flaminia, just to dictate these few...

symmachus #2024
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To Marinianusc. 377 AD

Your poem reached me and I have read it with the pleasure that work of genuine quality always gives, alongside the...

symmachus #3023
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To Protadiusc. 377 AD

Our friendship is on everyone's lips, and the fame of your horses has reached distant places.

symmachus #4023
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To Attalusc. 377 AD

The Tiburtine villa that recently came into your possession deserves a more talented wordsmith than me.

symmachus #7023
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To Attalusc. 377 AD

After your letter was delivered by my coachman and the greeting he brought from the road discharged my obligation,...

symmachus #7024
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To Caecilianusc. 377 AD

I ask that, having been admitted into your clientele, he may be glad both that my patronage has been of use to him...

symmachus #9023
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 378 AD

I'm delighted to mean more to you than most people, since you're the kind of man who looks out for my interests...

symmachus #1025
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 378 AD

I'm overflowing with joy that the new year will see you as consul.

symmachus #1026
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 378 AD

You're certainly well-supplied with counsel and prepared for every situation — a man of your wisdom and cultivation...

symmachus #2025
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 378 AD

I was thoroughly displeased by the solitude of Baiae [a famous resort on the Bay of Naples, now largely abandoned]...

symmachus #2026
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To Marinianusc. 378 AD

...while others track scent-trails with the keen noses of their hounds.

symmachus #3025
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To Protadiusc. 378 AD

If I may say so, we no longer lack a supply of chariot horses for the games — but the delay in the praetorship spurs...

symmachus #4025
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To Protadiusc. 378 AD

No one who carries your letters to me has ever gone back to you empty-handed.

symmachus #4026
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 378 AD

My dear Zenodorus doesn't yet know you in person, but your reputation has already won his admiration.

symmachus #6026
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To Attalusc. 378 AD

I debated for some time whether to honor you with a letter while properly waiting for your return.

symmachus #7025
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To Bassusc. 378 AD

I readily recommend my friend Eusebius — not as someone new or unknown, but as a man already proven by his loyalty...

symmachus #9024
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 379 AD

After your long silence, I was hoping — no, expecting — a letter of generous length.

symmachus #1027
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To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 379 AD

If you have a taste for natural history — the kind Pliny labored over — here are some volumes I happened to have on...

symmachus #1028
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 379 AD

Although rumor has already brought you the news — that you have been relieved of your public responsibilities — I...

symmachus #2027
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 379 AD

Go ahead — judge my decisions in hindsight, as you like, and blame me for the prefecture's complaint that it was...

symmachus #2028
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To Marinianusc. 379 AD

I had believed that nothing could be added to a friendship between us that is already full and long-established.

symmachus #3027
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To Naucelliusc. 379 AD

You're quite comfortable, I see, neglecting to write back — you know this kind of offense will go unpunished.

symmachus #3028
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To Protadiusc. 379 AD

...I am still waiting in suspense for your judgment on those pieces belonging to our togaed nation.

symmachus #4027
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To Protadiusc. 379 AD

I had long been waiting for your letters, uncertain in my mind about what so prolonged a silence might mean.

symmachus #4028
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 379 AD

A longer letter would be needed if I were recommending a stranger.

symmachus #6028
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To Macedoniusc. 379 AD

Your eyes are searching for me, I'm sure -- but don't let your heart doubt that I'm present.

symmachus #7026
→
To Macedoniusc. 379 AD

Your silence has lasted long enough that I have concluded either that you are extremely busy or that you are...

symmachus #7027
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 380 AD

I'm taking advantage of the openness you've offered me.

symmachus #1030
→
To Marinianusc. 380 AD

Your long-desired letter finally arrived with my servant's belated return, and it brought me very welcome news of...

symmachus #3029
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 380 AD

Your long-expected letter has arrived, and it makes me all the more prompt to return the favor of correspondence.

symmachus #3030
→
To Protadiusc. 380 AD

Even if personal and friendly petition were lacking, the force of public justice could not fail to support so...

symmachus #4029
→
To Protadiusc. 380 AD

Generously, as is your way, you sent an attendant to assist our return journey.

symmachus #4030
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 380 AD

Opportunities to send you greetings must be sought out when they're scarce and seized when they appear -- especially...

symmachus #6030
→
To Macedoniusc. 380 AD

You told me to stay at Baiae [the famous resort on the Bay of Naples].

symmachus #7028
→
To Macedoniusc. 380 AD

If you had answered my letter, you would have lightened your own conscience.

symmachus #7029
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 381 AD

You ask what I'm up to.

symmachus #1031
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 381 AD

It's just like you — given our mutual devotion and the long history of our friendship — to insist that your own...

symmachus #1032
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 381 AD

...and you care for me, but I worry that you might take up some fight on my behalf while I'm away and draw hostility...

symmachus #2031
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 381 AD

The man who ought to have delivered your letter to me will instead deliver mine to you — for you and I do not share...

symmachus #2032
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 381 AD

You report what I had already perceived through hope and intuition: that the very first meeting opened the door of...

symmachus #3031
→
To Protadiusc. 381 AD

When I departed, you entrusted me with a responsibility befitting our friendship: not to keep silent about matters...

symmachus #4031
→
To Protadiusc. 381 AD

The results will show how much your diligence has accomplished for the public good, once unnecessary expenditures...

symmachus #4032
→
To Atticusc. 381 AD

I dare invite you to my estate at Lavinium [an ancient town south of Rome] after the delights of Tibur, and I won't...

symmachus #7030
→
To Atticusc. 381 AD

You always claim you put my interests above your own.

symmachus #7031
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 382 AD

I have no time for the common run of philosophers who fake wisdom with pretentious clothing and a haughty air.

symmachus #1033
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 382 AD

Here's Rusticus, barely freed from his business in Rome.

symmachus #1034
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 382 AD

The report of the distinguished vicar, our colleague, will lay out the shameful nature of the crime that's been...

symmachus #2033
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 382 AD

Word is that you've ordered Ampelius and some other senators from Sardinia, as is claimed, to appear before the...

symmachus #2034
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 382 AD

I'm repeating my request on behalf of my friend Sallustius — whom, as you yourself confirmed, you've already taken...

symmachus #3033
→
To Ambrose and others (multiple short letters)c. 382 AD

My brothers Dorotheus and Septimius, praiseworthy men, carried a single letter from you.

symmachus #3034
→
To Protadiusc. 382 AD

I was wondering what could possibly explain the fact that a man so devoted to the courtesies of friendship had...

symmachus #4033
→
To Hephaestionc. 382 AD

I've given this letter to the carrier of the official dispatches, paying my respects with a greeting and at the same...

symmachus #5034
→
To Campania onc. 382 AD

Whatever we were hoping for from Sicily is still uncertain.

symmachus #6034
→
To Atticusc. 382 AD

Though I'm laid low by a serious fever, I couldn't deny you the courtesy of a letter without seeming to neglect my...

symmachus #7032
→
To Atticusc. 382 AD

Neither the departure of our distinguished brother Proelianus allowed me to stay silent, nor would my own affection...

symmachus #7033
→
To Brothers of Symmachusc. 382 AD

Country leisure is certainly a pleasure, but I put your company first.

symmachus #7034
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 382 AD

Although I know that modesty is kin to virtue, I nevertheless wished to find in the letters of your highness an...

symmachus #9033
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 383 AD

SYMMACHUS TO AUSONIUS:

symmachus #1036
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 383 AD

They say snails, when they're thirsty and no dew falls from the sky, survive on their own moisture.

symmachus #1037
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 383 AD

I assumed your return was approaching, since the sacred rites of the Mother of the Gods [the festival of Cybele, the...

symmachus #2035
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 383 AD

I too embrace the old-fashioned form in my letter headings, and I am quite surprised that a copyist's error crept in.

symmachus #2036
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 383 AD

Has it really pleased our common father [the emperor] to keep you detained longer than I would wish?

symmachus #2037
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 383 AD

It's a blemish on justice that my friend Magnillus — who served as vicar [deputy governor] in Africa and earned...

symmachus #3035
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 383 AD

It is common practice for those who need help to turn to proven supporters.

symmachus #3036
→
To Caecilianusc. 383 AD

My son Caecilianus, a distinguished man currently managing the grain supply of our common fatherland, has learned...

symmachus #3037
→
To Felix and others (multiple short letters)c. 383 AD

Our brother Helpidius was called away not only by desire for your company but also by the consul's letter.

symmachus #5035
→
To Hephaestionc. 383 AD

The matter of the appointment you mentioned in your last letter is one I have been giving some thought to, and I...

symmachus #5036
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 383 AD

Your brother has been deeply grieved by the loss of his tutor and only recently started listening to those trying to...

symmachus #6035
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 383 AD

As long as the rumors are still circulating and nothing is settled, stay calm and enjoy your leisure.

symmachus #6036
→
To Campaniac. 383 AD

You're trying to lure me out of Campania's embrace with praises of your Tiburtine estate.

symmachus #7035
→
To Deciusc. 383 AD

We're planning to retrace our route and finally return to your sight, even though my son is still weak and I've been...

symmachus #7036
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 384 AD

I'm doing exhausting work: I keep writing to someone who keeps not answering.

symmachus #1038
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 384 AD

I've been idle for some time in the retreats of Campania and had no opportunity to write.

symmachus #1040
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 384 AD

I cannot decide what form of reply best suits the occasion.

symmachus #2038
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 384 AD

My son Parthenius's arrival needs no embellishment of recommendation.

symmachus #2039
→
To Hilariusc. 384 AD

The distinguished Dusarius, who rightfully holds a leading position among medical practitioners, has asked me to...

symmachus #3038
→
To Neoteriusc. 384 AD

You gave me more than I asked for.

symmachus #5038
→
To Neoteriusc. 384 AD

I would have attended to your interests even without a reminder.

symmachus #5039
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 384 AD

...so you should know that these friends were hand-picked by the distinguished consul himself, and that you are the...

symmachus #6038
→
To Deciusc. 384 AD

I recently sent you news of my good health, and I still haven't received a matching report about yours.

symmachus #7037
→
To Deciusc. 384 AD

After the customary greeting, I'll pass along the request of Gaetulicus, an agent in rebus [an imperial courier and...

symmachus #7038
→
To Brothers of Symmachusc. 384 AD

You tempt me with talk of the Campanian coast, but here at our Praenestine estate [near modern Palestrina, in the...

symmachus #7039
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 385 AD

I interrupt your busy schedule with my steady stream of letters — partly because I enjoy this kind of exchange...

symmachus #1041
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 385 AD

The philosopher Horus, a man of exceptional life and learning, has long been dear to me.

symmachus #2040
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 385 AD

I congratulate my friend Ignatius: your affection for him has outstripped even my own diligent care.

symmachus #2041
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 385 AD

I am getting ahead of your voluntary generosity with a formal request, so that what you would freely give may appear...

symmachus #2042
→
To Hilariusc. 385 AD

When I wrote this letter to you, I was confined to my bed by illness -- freed from danger, to be sure, but still...

symmachus #3040
→
To Hilariusc. 385 AD

The strength of my health is beginning to rally — it is only fair that a steady stream of letters should now be...

symmachus #3041
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 385 AD

I'm well. That should always be the opening line of a letter, since it's what the reader most wants to hear.

symmachus #3042
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 385 AD

Our friend Severus has been released from his public troubles and is heading home to enjoy some peace.

symmachus #6040
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 385 AD

My first concern is always to ask how your health stands.

symmachus #6042
→
To Deciusc. 385 AD

We haven't yet reached the coast at Naples to see the crown jewel of your estate, but everything the Tyrrhenian Sea...

symmachus #7040
→
To Deciusc. 385 AD

I'm glad you're well. But the idea that the coast at Naples outshines our Formiae -- I suspect that's not really...

symmachus #7041
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 385 AD

The recommendation I make in this letter is made on the basis of genuine knowledge and genuine judgment, not merely...

symmachus #10040
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 386 AD

People are wrong to say Fortune has no judgment.

symmachus #1043
→
To Ausonius Correctorc. 386 AD

I know this letter will reach you late — either because of the duties that will keep you busy for a while, or...

symmachus #1044
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 386 AD

I'm doing something that suits both your character and my own inclinations: introducing the finest people to your...

symmachus #1045
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 386 AD

I recommended the son of the distinguished Macedonius to you some time ago, when he first entered your court.

symmachus #2043
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 386 AD

Many people speak well of Sexio's record as former governor of Calabria, and for that reason they've asked me to...

symmachus #2044
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 386 AD

The palatine officials [imperial court staff] accused of wrongdoing, whom Your Excellency ordered brought from...

symmachus #2045
→
To Siburiusc. 386 AD

It is the mark of your character to give commands that are both pious and just.

symmachus #3043
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 386 AD

Once again I'm extending a loan of letters to an honest debtor.

symmachus #3044
→
To Macedoniusc. 386 AD

You were joking, I think, when you wrote that you'd been frightened by soldiers on the road -- a transparent excuse...

symmachus #7042
→
To Rome andc. 386 AD

Fortune often upsets the best-laid plans -- and that's exactly what happened to me.

symmachus #7043
→
To Campaniac. 386 AD

You've been free of public duties for some time -- you should have returned in person rather than soothing your...

symmachus #7044
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 386 AD

The season at the villa has given me the leisure to reflect on what the office demands and what it gives in return;...

symmachus #10044
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 387 AD

You've made up for your long silence with a double delivery.

symmachus #1046
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 387 AD

It's an old saying that talent is nourished by honor.

symmachus #1047
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 387 AD

Those who obtain their wishes by the gods' kindness feel that honoring the source of their blessings in person is a...

symmachus #2046
→
To Siburiusc. 387 AD

The news from the East has been, to put it gently, unsettling.

symmachus #3045
→
To Eutropiusc. 387 AD

I count the joys of your fortune among my own debts, and I take you as my judge of this sentiment — you who have...

symmachus #3046
→
To Neoteriusc. 387 AD

I would say more, if justice needed many prayers to assist it.

symmachus #5046
→
To Neoteriusc. 387 AD

I should not be a braggart about my devotion to you -- our mutual obligations spring from a genuine sense of duty...

symmachus #5047
→
To Campaniac. 387 AD

I recently received a letter from Euscius reporting that our charioteers and some stage performers have been put...

symmachus #6045
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 387 AD

We tried to keep the crocodiles -- the ones displayed at the theater show -- alive for your visit.

symmachus #6046
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 387 AD

It's unnecessary work to remind someone who already remembers, but when you've taken on a friend's business, you...

symmachus #6047
→
To Macedoniusc. 387 AD

What happened to your promises?

symmachus #7045
→
To Macedoniusc. 387 AD

Friendship was invented so that the exchange of favors might serve mutual benefit.

symmachus #7047
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 388 AD

You deserve to hear about things that have recently done me credit, given your devoted interest in my affairs.

symmachus #1049
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 388 AD

Shortly afterward, I had promised to support the son of my friend Trygetius as a candidate for the praetorship...

symmachus #1050
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 388 AD

With the gods' help, we arrived at our destination after a smooth voyage and an easy journey.

symmachus #2048
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 388 AD

On the third day before the Nones of October [October 5], I replied to your letter at first light.

symmachus #2049
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 388 AD

I haven't felt like writing until now — not with the complaints of my various ailments making such a racket, and I...

symmachus #2050
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 388 AD

...simply put, the situation demands that the discomfort of being away from home should make you appreciate what you...

symmachus #3048
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 388 AD

It is superfluous labor to recommend the conspicuous -- like holding a torch before someone standing in sunlight.

symmachus #3050
→
To Macedoniusc. 388 AD

This letter survives only in fragmentary form, with the manuscript text too damaged to reconstruct reliably.

symmachus #7048
→
To Macedoniusc. 388 AD

I can tell that the devoted attention I pay your household is well known to you -- that's why you share good news...

symmachus #7049
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 389 AD

I was overjoyed to hear that your health has been restored — your well-being is always my highest wish.

symmachus #1051
→
To Campaniac. 389 AD

Our reasons for not writing are different, but the result is the same.

symmachus #1053
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 389 AD

We'll be setting out for home tomorrow, God willing — which you already knew.

symmachus #2051
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 389 AD

I'd already sent my letter, which I assume has reached you by now.

symmachus #2052
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 389 AD

I am staying in Milan for the moment, summoned for the ceremonies of our lord Valentinian's inaugural consulship.

symmachus #3051
→
To Ambrose of Milanc. 389 AD

The obligations of friendship are not burdens but privileges.

symmachus #3052
→
To Neoteriusc. 389 AD

You have confirmed my own longstanding judgment about the charm and amenity of the Formian coast [modern Formia,...

symmachus #5052
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 389 AD

The birthday gift you sent -- may our shared happiness keep this tradition alive for many years to come -- lifted my...

symmachus #6051
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 389 AD

I've already used up my writing time with the servant heading back to Campania, but I didn't want your saintly and...

symmachus #6052
→
To Macedoniusc. 389 AD

We've arrived, but I already regret coming.

symmachus #7050
→
To Macedoniusc. 389 AD

As I reported in my previous letter, my health was struck down on arrival -- whether by bad water or the change of...

symmachus #7051
→
To Macedoniusc. 389 AD

I know you both want and expect my letters, since custom dictates that the person setting out should open the exchange.

symmachus #7052
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 390 AD
ausonius #1
←
From Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 390 AD
ausonius #2
→
To Decimus Magnus Ausoniusc. 390 AD
ausonius #3
→
To Baiae toc. 390 AD

Good gods, how nothing is safe or certain for us mortals!

symmachus #1054
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 390 AD

You ask — like a good citizen born for the common welfare — what reliable reports say about the current crisis.

symmachus #1055
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 390 AD

A complaint that demands a duty is itself a gracious thing.

symmachus #2055
→
To Ricomeremc. 390 AD

I could have borne your silence patiently, knowing your habits, had not the fear of illness made me anxious.

symmachus #3053
→
To Richomeresc. 390 AD

Someone might think it is merely a formality that the consul of the previous year still owes these obligations.

symmachus #3054
→
To Richomeresc. 390 AD

Your servant, having carried out your instructions once we reached our destination, shouldn't leave without a...

symmachus #3055
→
To Neoteriusc. 390 AD

You have opened the door to correspondence late.

symmachus #5053
→
To Neoteriusc. 390 AD

I delight in the regular frequency of your letters and draw abundant joy from this gift.

symmachus #5054
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 390 AD

I'm perfectly willing to write, but I'd rather save the news for my dear son Sibidius to relay in person at his leisure.

symmachus #6053
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 390 AD

We need to renew our petition for the emperor's visit.

symmachus #6055
→
To Macedoniusc. 390 AD

I've been writing frequently these past days, but no amount of letters can satisfy the heart of someone who truly cares.

symmachus #7055
→
To Sextus Claudius Petronius Probusc. 391 AD

For my part, I'm secure enough in our friendship to take it in stride if someone who loves me slips up.

symmachus #1056
→
To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 391 AD

We'd planned to linger in the countryside a while longer, but news of the homeland's troubles changed our plans.

symmachus #1057
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 391 AD

In hopes of good health, we have chosen a place near the sea, but the winds are still fighting against us and we...

symmachus #2056
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 391 AD

I had resolved to be away from home for a long while and was enjoying a pleasant period of leisure with our friends...

symmachus #2058
→
To Richomeresc. 391 AD

I have exchanged the leisure of home for a pleasant journey abroad, traveling at the command of our lord Valentinian.

symmachus #3056
→
To Richomeresc. 391 AD

I testify that my servant Firmus has completed his military service with honor.

symmachus #3057
→
To Richomeresc. 391 AD

I don't mind writing to Your Excellency often, even though I've received nothing in return.

symmachus #3058
→
To Sallustiusc. 391 AD

The dinner was a success, or at least it achieved what I intended it to achieve: the two men who needed to meet each...

symmachus #5056
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 391 AD

Please welcome Maximus -- an old friend but a brand-new courier [agens in rebus, an imperial messenger], a man going...

symmachus #6056
→
To Macedoniusc. 391 AD

Both my devotion to you and my duty to the distinguished Eusebius -- a man who has earned the respect of the best...

symmachus #7057
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 391 AD

The events at Adrianople have changed the texture of Roman public life in ways that are not yet fully visible; I set...

symmachus #10056
→
To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 391 AD

The formal obligations of the season are behind me now, and I find myself with an unusual surplus of unobligated...

symmachus #10057
→
To Sextus Claudius Petronius Probusc. 392 AD

So you boast of your leisure and your hunting.

symmachus #1059
→
To Sextus Claudius Petronius Probusc. 392 AD

You've given me great comfort in my grief.

symmachus #1060
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 392 AD

I was living at my suburban estate, which lies beside the Appian Way, when your letter was delivered to me by a...

symmachus #2060
→
To Richomeresc. 392 AD

The sight of your family will certainly fill you with joy.

symmachus #3060
→
To Paternusc. 392 AD

On the eighth day, after struggling through many difficulties on the road, I finally greeted my home.

symmachus #5058
→
To Paternusc. 392 AD

It is right to support those who desire honorable things, so that worthy intentions may be aided by the backing of...

symmachus #5059
→
To Rome andc. 392 AD

Since our dear Sibidius returned to Rome and reported how badly my daughter is suffering physically, my own spirits...

symmachus #6060
→
To Macedoniusc. 392 AD

The friendships of parents are rightly passed down to their children, so that affection once formed may benefit the...

symmachus #7058
→
To Macedoniusc. 392 AD

I believe my letter reached you some time ago, explaining that my friend Iucundus, though eager for your judgment,...

symmachus #7059
→
To Macedoniusc. 392 AD

You've always stood out for the brilliance of your life and learning, but now the congratulations of all good men...

symmachus #7060
→
To Sextus Claudius Petronius Probusc. 393 AD

I know you're advising me out of genuine love.

symmachus #1061
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 393 AD

I had hoped for the vacant plot of land near Naples that adjoins my property from yours, so that I might build a new...

symmachus #2061
→
To Richomeresc. 393 AD

...since he earnestly requested it, I gladly lent my effort to his desire, knowing that among those who love me,...

symmachus #3061
→
To Richomeresc. 393 AD

You haven't replied to my earlier letters either, but it was my duty to write again rather than waste such a...

symmachus #3062
→
To Richomeresc. 393 AD

Your letters have pushed me to do what I was already longing to do -- to openly seek the friendship I had long been...

symmachus #3063
→
To Helpidiumc. 393 AD

You have been silent for a long time, but I must not imitate such an example.

symmachus #5061
→
To Paternusc. 393 AD

You ask how I am and what I am doing.

symmachus #5062
→
To Paternusc. 393 AD

I hope for your presence -- for you are not in the habit of abandoning your promises.

symmachus #5063
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 393 AD

The situation is, as you will have gathered from the general news, one that calls for caution rather than boldness.

symmachus #6061
→
To Longinianumc. 393 AD

I feel the affection you think it right to return, but I'm deeply surprised that you suspect my son Flavianus -- who...

symmachus #7061
→
To Macedoniusc. 393 AD

...may he carry back your lasting affection and a greeting in return.

symmachus #7062
→
To Celsinus Titianusc. 394 AD

Take heart — be patient with the duty that's been imposed on you.

symmachus #1064
→
To Celsinus Titianusc. 394 AD

You urge me to cultivate our friendship through frequent correspondence.

symmachus #1065
→
To Celsinus Titianusc. 394 AD

I know you value people for their character, not their rank.

symmachus #1066
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 394 AD

The preparation for my consulship keeps me busy with joyful and fortunate obligations.

symmachus #2065
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 394 AD

Outstanding merits require no supporting witness, since virtue, conspicuous in its own light, rejects the aid of...

symmachus #2066
→
To Richomeresc. 394 AD

You are still silent, but my loquacity is not restrained by your example.

symmachus #3064
→
To Richomeresc. 394 AD

I sensed there was something behind your long abstention from letters.

symmachus #3065
→
To Paternusc. 394 AD

The management of our estates demands constant attention -- a truth that every landowner learns through hard experience.

symmachus #5065
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 394 AD

Our Senate's delegates have returned after handling everything successfully.

symmachus #6065
→
To Macedoniusc. 394 AD

Mutual affection makes it natural for me to delegate tasks that serve my interests.

symmachus #7063
→
To Macedoniusc. 394 AD

...the family's fortunes have grown, and my lord and son Flavianus is enjoying the fruits of private leisure.

symmachus #7064
→
To Brothers of Symmachusc. 394 AD

The most august senate has appointed my lord and son Attalus as envoy to our lords and emperors, chosen from among...

symmachus #7065
→
To Celsinus Titianusc. 395 AD

Full of hope since you announced your forthcoming visit, I'm putting the spur to those already hurrying, and I ask...

symmachus #1068
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 395 AD

If friendship always demands that we help each other's affairs with mutual services, how much more attentively...

symmachus #2067
→
To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 395 AD

My written recommendation carries little weight if my friend Leontius is not commended by his own blameless life and...

symmachus #2068
→
To Paternusc. 395 AD

It is an act full of piety that you spontaneously anticipate a brother's wish.

symmachus #5066
→
To Olybriusc. 395 AD

The senatorial obligations are drawing our attention to pressing concerns.

symmachus #5067
→
To Olybriusc. 395 AD

That you collect my letters is a sign of your affection, though I note that you do not seem to be very selective...

symmachus #5068
→
To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 395 AD

I had already sent a letter with my own messenger when Maximus turned up asking for another.

symmachus #6066
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To Macedoniusc. 395 AD

I make a point of writing to you often, so it never seems my care for our friendship has cooled.

symmachus #7068
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To Celsinus Titianusc. 396 AD

Gelasius, whom I wish well, has taken on the management of an imperial household — a post that brought him some...

symmachus #1072
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 396 AD

Just as I cannot remain silent whenever an occasion invites my pen, so too, when there is no subject for a longer...

symmachus #2070
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 396 AD

It is a duty of human decency to furnish recommendations to those who seek them.

symmachus #2071
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 396 AD

Considering how much affection you are kind enough to show me, I expect that my servant Cyriacus will find a warm...

symmachus #2072
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To Limeniusc. 396 AD

The years have a way of making one's position on certain questions more nuanced than it was in youth, and I want to...

symmachus #5071
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To Patrvinumc. 396 AD

I know it speaks to our friendship that I involve you in my difficulties.

symmachus #7069
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To Macedoniusc. 396 AD

I've grown more confident in my affection for Athanasius, a man of fine qualities, now that I've learned your...

symmachus #7070
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To Macedoniusc. 396 AD

This isn't a new request -- it's one you'll recognize.

symmachus #7071
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To Celsinus Titianusc. 397 AD

I'd recommend Anysius to you — an admirable man — except that he entered my circle of friends on your introduction...

symmachus #1073
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To Celsinus Titianusc. 397 AD

Rufus, the treasurer of the pontifical college, is bringing you the college's formal petition.

symmachus #1074
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To Vettius Agorius Praetextatusc. 397 AD

My friend Acutianus could have obtained what he's asking for on his own — he's no less familiar to you than to me.

symmachus #1075
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 397 AD

The most distinguished Honoratus has pleased me above all others for his integrity and his way of life.

symmachus #2073
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 397 AD

The protector Valentinianus, who was some time ago entrusted and commended to you through my good offices under your...

symmachus #2075
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 397 AD

Don't judge my care for you by the length of this letter.

symmachus #7072
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 397 AD

You'll never lead me, by your silence, to follow your example.

symmachus #7073
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To Lollianumc. 397 AD

Your letter has kept me in suspense, and I'm anxious to hear encouraging news.

symmachus #7074
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To Caecilianusc. 398 AD

My friends Magnus and Magnillus have a petition I've agreed to support.

symmachus #1076
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To Hesperiusc. 398 AD

Since the gods have given you the power to be useful to my friends, I'm confident that Romanus — an excellent man...

symmachus #1077
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To Hesperiusc. 398 AD

There's something in my daughter Galla's [the text says "Fusgania" — possibly a copyist error] complaints that I'll...

symmachus #1078
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 398 AD

Your love for Domitius is well known and firmly established, which spares me the labor of commending him.

symmachus #2077
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 398 AD

Both the usual and the unusual contributions are being made by you for the production of our games.

symmachus #2078
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To Liciniusc. 398 AD

The circumstances of our time test every friendship, and those that survive the test emerge stronger.

symmachus #5076
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 398 AD

We've returned to our home and household gods, only to find a few unpleasant surprises.

symmachus #6075
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To Nicomachi, sons of Symmachusc. 398 AD

I'm in agony from kidney pain.

symmachus #6076
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 398 AD

...your delight prompted a letter written in high spirits.

symmachus #7075
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 398 AD

This letter survives only in fragmentary form, with the manuscript text too damaged to reconstruct reliably.

symmachus #7077
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To Emperor Theodosius Ic. 398 AD

The grain supply from Africa has been interrupted; I write to report the situation and to request the imperial...

symmachus #10076
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To Hesperiusc. 399 AD

It's human nature that people who stammer end up talking more — they keep going out of embarrassment at their own...

symmachus #1079
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To Hesperiusc. 399 AD

Here's my second letter, and I still haven't received a reply to the first.

symmachus #1083
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 399 AD

Some men delight in profits and gains; I prefer to spend on what fulfills my desires.

symmachus #2079
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To Brothers of Symmachusc. 399 AD

Our son Symmachus, having completed his games as a candidate for office, presents to you the customary quaestorian...

symmachus #2082
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 399 AD

Many people have asked me for letters of introduction, but the merits of some and the importunity of others have...

symmachus #2083
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 399 AD

For a long time now, my lord and brother Alypius has wished to visit the sacred court.

symmachus #2084
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To Antoniusc. 400 AD

Whether this letter will find you still at Milan is anyone's guess.

symmachus #1089
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 400 AD

I'll never hold back when it comes to pleasing you.

symmachus #1091
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To Antoniusc. 400 AD

This entry contains only a manuscript reference number and no letter text.

symmachus #1092
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

You judged rightly and commendably that our brother Tatianus, the spectabilis, should be entrusted with the task.

symmachus #2085
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

Although the difficulties of communication have increased with distance, I do not allow them to interrupt the...

symmachus #2086
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

I feel as though I am traveling with you whenever your vivid narrative describes your comings and goings.

symmachus #2087
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

It is the voice of law and justice that a good-faith contract cannot be rescinded.

symmachus #2088
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

I take delight both in the honor with which you have now been elevated and in your continuing affection for me.

symmachus #2089
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

A short while ago I sent a letter, but I do not begrudge doubling the greeting that is owed to you.

symmachus #2090
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To Virius Nicomachus Flavianusc. 400 AD

You are always the bearer of great joys for me, but now what you report has exceeded even my prayers.

symmachus #2091
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

I'd been wondering, my dear friend, why you'd let the silence drag on so long.

symmachus #1095
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

Our exchange of friendly letters is a sweet competition, and rightly we've both taken care not to be outdone.

symmachus #1096
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

This entry contains only a manuscript reference number and no letter text.

symmachus #1098
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

The effort I've been putting into writing speeches, you've rewarded with the prize of praise.

symmachus #1101
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

When I'm vouching for a friend to someone who already trusts me, I keep things brief.

symmachus #1104
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

Late consolation only reopens wounds.

symmachus #1105
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To Flavius Syagriusc. 401 AD

...Fortune has seized my hand; she's dragged me back against my will.

symmachus #1107
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From Avitus of Viennec. 490 AD

Avitus, bishop, to Faustus and Symmachus, senators of the city of Rome.

avitus vienne #2001
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 493 AD

A good commander knows to encourage the proven valor of a soldier who has been tested in battle, so that courage,...

ennodius pavia #4001
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 499 AD

[Pope Symmachus (r. 498-514) was a pope whom Ennodius energetically defended during the disputed papal election of...

ennodius pavia #4008
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 501 AD

While the apostolic see is graced by the care of Your Holiness's crown, and the heavenly governance of the Church...

ennodius pavia #5010
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 511 AD

Although the distinguished Laurentius attends to your cause with the devotion it deserves, I add my own voice — not...

ennodius pavia #4022
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 518 AD

A necessary matter of practical importance has prompted this letter.

ennodius pavia #8032
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From Ennodius of Paviac. 520 AD

Petition is never ineffective when it reaches a man of justice and compassion.

ennodius pavia #8038
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From Pope Gregory the Greatc. 590 AD

My son Boniface the deacon has told me that your Experience had written to say that a monastery built by Labina, a religious lady, is now ready for monks to be settled in it. And indeed I praised your solicitude; but we wish that some other place than that which has been assigned for the purpose should be provided; but with the condition, in vie...

gregory great #1052