Letter 48: It seems we will always have trouble springing from Severus's character, and you will never be free of my letters on...

LibaniusClearchus; then Elebocius|c. 318 AD|Libanius|AI-assisted
education booksgrief deathillnessimperial politicsproperty economicsslavery captivity

To Clearchus.

For us, as it seems, troubles are forever springing up out of the ways of Severus, and for you there will be no release from the letters we send about these matters. For the man is simply a Hydra: even if you cut off the head, you will do battle with another head, and even if you master that one, you will encounter a third.

And it seems to me that, even as he is dying, he would urge his heirs to remember Cleobulus, and that he will not be in want of money, since even now it is Alexander who shouts, but it was that other man who set things in motion, and one man stitched the shoe, while another put it on his foot.

We should indeed need the riches of Gyges, if we are going to give to each one of those who wish to take. For there is always someone who wishes [to take], and now it is Alexander who exacts payment, but a little later Antipater will make his demand, and Parmenion too. But Cleobulus the teacher possesses only so much as compels the man to do nothing ignoble, yet does not allow him to bear unjust penalties lightly.

Therefore remind Severus, who has forgotten what he agreed upon with us, of the agreements, pointing out at the same time the prison, which he would justly inhabit if he does not abide by his compacts. For it would indeed be absurd that the people here should have been persuaded by us of this, that Clearchus has both a disposition that honors what is just and strength sufficient to make what is just secure, while you should neglect friends who have been wronged, and, though summoned like Heracles as an ally, should then prove to be a help of fig-wood [i.e. worthless].

AI-assisted translation - This translation was produced with AI assistance and has not been peer-reviewed. See the 19th-century translation or original Latin/Greek below for scholarly use.

Latin / Greek Original

Κλεάρχῳ. (359)

Ἡμῖν τε, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἀεὶ πράγματα ἐκ τῶν Σευήρου τρό-
πων ἀναφύεται σοί τε ἀπαλλαγὴ τῶν παρ’ ἡμῶν περὶ τούτων
οὐκ ἔσται γραμμάτων. ὁ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος ἀτεχνῶς ὕδρα, κἂν
τέμῃς τὴν κεφαλήν, ἑτέρᾳ μαχῇ κεφαλῇ, κἂν ταύτης κρατῇς,
ἐντεύξῃ τρίτῃ.

καί μοι δοκεῖ κἂν ἀποθνήσκων παραινέσαι
τοῖς κληρονόμοις μεμνῆσθαι Κλεοβούλου, καὶ οὐκ ἀπορήσειν
χρημάτων, ἐπεὶ καὶ νῦν βοᾷ μὲν Ἀλέξανδρος, κεκίνηκε δὲ
ἐκεῖνος, καὶ τὸ ὑπόδημα ἄλλος μὲν ἔρραψεν, ἄλλος δὲ ὑπε-
δήσατο.

δεῖ δὴ τῶν Γύγου χρημάτων ἡμὶν, εἰ μέλλοιμεν
ἑκάστῳ δώσειν τῶν βουλομένων λαβεῖν. ἀεὶ γὰρ ὁ βουλόμενος

ἔστᾶι καὶ νῦν μὲν Ἀλέξανδρος εἰσπράττει, μικρῷ δὲ ὕστερον
Ἀντίπατρος ζητήσει καὶ Παρμενίων. Κλεοβούλῳ δὲ τῷ δι-
δασκάλω τοσαῦτά ἐστιν, ὅσα τὸν ἄνδρα ποιεῖν μὲν ἀγεννὲς
οὐδὲν καταναγκάξει, ζημίας δὲ ἀδίκους εὐχερῶς φέρειν οὐκ
ἐᾶ.

τὸν οὖν ὧν συνέθετο πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἐπιλελησμένον Σευῆ-
ρον ἀναμίμνησκε τῶν συνθηκῶν δεικνὺς ἅμα τὸ δεσμωτή-
ριον, ὃ δικαίως ἂν οἰκοίη μὴ τ.ῖς ὁμολογίαις ἐμμένων. καὶ
γὰρ ἄτοπον τοὺς μὲν τῇδε παρ’ ἡμῶν πεπεῖσθαι τοῦθ’ ὅτι
Κλεάρχῳ γνώμη τέ ἐστι τιμῶσα τὰ δίκαια ῥώμη τε ἀρκοῦσα
τὰ δίκαια βεβαιοῦν. σὲ δὲ ἀμελῆσαι φίλων ἠδικημένων καὶ
καλούμενον ὥσπερ Ἡρακλέα σύμμαχον εἶτα φανῆι βοήθειαν
συκίνην.

Revision history

  1. 2026-05-27v2.2.34-import

    Initial corpus import from modern libanius retranslated v1.

    Fields: letter text, metadata, source links. Source: https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/First1KGreek/blob/master/volume_xml/libanius_10.xml

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