Letter 52: A fol. 33-33 : (5-6; 7-11; 12-13), fol.

[The opening of the letter is lost.] ...and now, with God's favor, may it become apparent by these very effects, and may it not be permitted to wicked men, set apart from all reason, to divide everywhere the body of Christ [our Lord] our God, which is the holy Church, and to separate it from the unity of mother Church. But let them be restrained from their unlawful undertakings, and let it not be allowed to them, in accordance with their perversity, to wander about to the destruction of souls. Thus through all the evils of their division we have learned that they dared even this: that they attempted, as it were, to excommunicate your brother, that most excellent man, the lord patrician John; and although I do not doubt that it was done by God's will, that so great a man should be preserved uncontaminated by the pollution of the schismatics under any pretexts whatsoever, nevertheless there is no doubt how great an act of rashness it was to dare such a thing against so great and so innocent a person, and to make public the very enormity of the crime. I ask therefore that, as you are accustomed, you take up the means of punishing such things, and that you, after the holy day of the blessed resurrection of our God and Lord Jesus Christ, deign to make your way to the very places where the presumption was committed, so that, joined together with that most excellent man, your brother, our lord son, the patrician John, you may employ worthy and lawful power against presumers of this kind. And in this matter do not let the empty talk of men hold you back, who say that the Church carries out persecution when it either restrains the things that are committed or seeks the salvation of souls. Such tellers of this rumor are in error. He does not persecute, except the one who compels to evil; but the one who either punishes evil already done or prohibits it from being done, this man does not persecute, but loves. For if, as they suppose, no one is either to be restrained from evil or drawn back to good, then human and divine laws must necessarily be made void, which, at the urging of justice, establish punishment for the wicked and rewards for the good. But that schism is an evil, and that men of this sort ought to be suppressed even through external powers, both the authority of canonical Scripture and the truth of the rules of the Fathers teach us. And indeed they are convicted of being schismatics by this sentence delivered through blessed Augustine, whom the universal Church venerates. For he says: 'See whether they are not schismatics, who have separated themselves from the most eminent and most manifest authority of the apostolic sees.' Whoever therefore has been divided from the apostolic sees, according to that sentence of blessed Augustine, there is no doubt that he is in schism, and he is proven to raise an altar against the universal Church. But let your glory consider what the canon inserted into the Council of Chalcedon decrees concerning such men, where after other matters it speaks thus: 'Whoever suspends himself from the communion of the Church and makes a gathering and sets up an altar, and is unwilling to consent to the bishop who summons him, and is unwilling to acquiesce to him or to obey him both at the first and the second summons, this man is to be condemned altogether, and may never merit even a prayer nor be able to receive his honor back. For if he persists in making disturbances and sedition in the Church, he is to be suppressed through an external power as one seditious.' But likewise blessed Augustine also says concerning such men: 'Many things must also be done with a certain kindly harshness toward those who must be chastised against their will, whose advantage rather than their wish must be consulted. For in correcting a son, however harshly, the father's love is nevertheless never lost; yet that comes about which he would not wish, that he should feel pain who even unwillingly seems to be hurt in order to be healed.' Behold, you see how, by the testimony of so great a father, the Church does not persecute when it coerces such things, but always loves when it amends such men. Do you therefore also do that which, knowing the intention of your Christianity, we frequently exhort, and give your effort that such things may no longer be permitted to be done; but also this, which I do not doubt is very easy for you, that those who have presumed such things be conducted under worthy custody to the most pious prince. For your highness ought to recall what God accomplished through you at that time when, with the tyrant Totila in possession of both Histria and the Venetias, and the Franks too laying everything waste, you nevertheless did not permit a bishop of Milan to be made until you had referred the matter from there to the most clement prince, and had learned again by his writings what ought to be done; and amid enemies raging everywhere both he who was being ordained and he who was to ordain were brought through to Ravenna by the providence of your eminence. Carry out therefore now your custom, and you will have in this matter both a reward for your soul and glory for your reputation.

A fol. 33-33^: (5-6; 7-11; 12-13), fol. 102\- (6-7... opprimi; 12); A fol. 179^-180: (5-6; 7-11; 12-13); fol. 47^^-^^: (4: digna...-6... euacuari), E* fol. 67^^, E^ fol. 72^, E^ fol. 35'^ ; Ei fol. 215^^: (6-7... opprimi). fol. 169^'^, fol. 187^; G fol. 200^: (6-7... opprimi); H fol. 152^^: (6-7... opprimi); / fol. 53^-54: (1-2; 4-9; 13-14; 16); 0^ fol. 215- 215^: (5-7; 9-15), 0, fol. 203^‘^^, 0, fol. 232^-233, 0, fol. 237-237^; P, fol. 428^^429: (5-7; 9-15), Pa fol. 157'^-158, P^ fol. 130^'^, P^ fol. 145-146; Q fol. 68^: (5-7; 9-15); Si fol. 15S^-154: (5-7; 9-15), fol. 285-285^; T fol. 71-71^: (5-7; 9-14). pelagius in registro (rei. titul. om.) D^, pelagii T, eiusdem (pelagii) P, om. B papae T, om. B B^DEFGHPQ ualerio patrici (mutil.) B^, patricio ualeriano F H [patrici] G, ualentino patricio Eg, om. 0 P Q ST, add. inter cetera D 2 autem] om. I (et codd. qui ^1-4 om.) ecclesiast.] ecclesiae l gloriosa] religiosa I Tit. Ualeriano patricio: Dux militum, qui stipendiis imperii mili¬ tavit et bene est notus. Cf. E. M. HarTmann, Geschichte ..., t. I, p. 318; 321; 325-327; 330-333; 342. Etiamsi eum non expresse conmemoret Hart- mann, partem habuit in proeliis ad Busta Gallorum (ibid., p. 322-325), et ad flumen Casilinum (ibid., p. 332-333). Cf. etiam J. B. Bijry, o. c., p. 107; 186-192; 246-248; 259-270; 276-281. Certum non est omnino, eum fuisse magistrum militum per Orientem, quamquam probabile esse videtur. Cf. E. Stein, Histoire ..., p. 512, n. 1; 588; 598; 601-602; 604; 606; 615, n. 1, 672. — In Coli. Britannica tria exstant fragmenta nomine eius inscripta. EPisTtrbA 52,1-3 135 et nunc Deo propitiante effectibus ipsis appareat, nec iniquis homi¬ nibus et ab omni ratione sepositis, passim Christi [Domini] nostri 5 Dei corpus, quod est sancta ecclesia, diuidere concedatur et ab unitate ecclesiae matris separare. Sed reprimantur ab illicitis 2 ausibus, et eis ad animarum perditionem secundum peruersionem suam uagari non liceat. Sic per omnia diuisionis suae mala etiam 3 hoc eos ausos fuisse comperimus, ut fratrem uestrum, uirum excel- lentissimum, dominum patricium Iohannem quasi excommunicare tewtauerint; et quamuis Dei nutu factum esse non ambigam, ut tan¬ tus uir ab scismat[h]icorum pollutione incontaminatus quibuslibet occasionibus seruaretur, tamen quantae temeritatis fuerit in tanta propic. codd. 4-5 christi nostri dei] B : christi domini nostri / 5 ab] om. I 6 uni¬ tatem / matris ecclesiae / 7 auxibus E peruersitatem / 8 sic] ic corr. sup. ras. B 2 (?) omnia] seq. eum delet, in B 11 tentauerint B 12 scismath., an pro schismat. (?) B id est, CII (ep. 52, 1-3), CIX (ep. 59), et CXXIX (ep. 52,4-14) [P. Ewaed, 0 . c., l. c., Pelag. epp. 39 (J-K. 1011), 46 (J-K. 1018), et 66 (J-K. 1038)]; sed fragmenta 39 et 66 ad unam pertinent epistulam. Ita et E. Stein, Histoire ..., p. 672, n. 3, qui tamen rem, aa. 1943-1944, didicit ab auctore. Quam recte haec coniecerit et probaverit defunctus auctor, luculenter osten¬ dit Coli. Vindobonensis, ipso ignota, ubi tota fere constat epistula in unum, et sub uno titulo, redacta. Eongam auctoris dissertationem circa ordinem interruptum Coli. Britannicae, postea nihilo minus readsumptum, in Pro- legomena, ubi de ea coli, egi, relegavi. 1. gloriosa: Eectionem Coli. Britannicae sigmiic 2 cntior^m adoptavi. Valerianum enim tamquam patricium titulus decebat. (Cf. notulas in epp. 20,1 et 22,2, p. 62 et 68; P. KoCH, o. c., p. 66).— Initium litterarum, ut liquet, desideratur. [Domini] nostri Dei: Cf. similia in epp. 39,2; Xto. Deo nostro; 60,3: Xti. Dei nostri;C,\\ 7,19; 8,4.5.; Deus noster; 11,9 (?)\Xto.Deo nostro. Verum, cum in non dissimilibus casibus haud raro scribat etiam Pelagius Dnus. aut Dnus. Deus (cf. epp.; 2,1; 5,2; 7,1; 11,4; 21,3.4; 52,4), fuit hic quoque fortassis originalis lectio: Domini nostri Dei, quae explicaret alterutrius verbi omissionem. Attamen, mea sententia, et hic et in ep. 11,9, potius est legen¬ dum; Xtus. Deus noster. Cum Xto. enim solo, ubi lesus omittitur, Deus tan¬ tummodo, Dominus omisso, certe iunctus alibi reperitur. 3. fratrem uestrum: Dignitate scilicet potius quam came, ut scripsi supra in titulum ep. 24, E. Stein, Histoire ..., p. 615, n. 1 sequens. Idem iteratur in § 4, quod est aliud indicium unitatis duorum fragmentorum. uirum excellentissimum: Ei, patricio viro, congruit. Cf. adnota- tiones in ep. 22,2, p. 68; P. Koch, o. c., p. 95; M. Bridget, o. c., p. 131; 166. quasi excommunicare temtaverint: Cf. ep. 53,1-4, p. 140-141. Exinde melius patefit ratio et sensus ep. 50, p. 131. '136 PEI.AGII I PAPAE ac tam iwnocenti persona istud audere, <et> ipsam sceleris imma- nitatem publicare, non dubium est. Peto ergo ut, sicut soliti estis, ^ uindicandi talia sumatis effectum, et uos post sanctum diem beatae resurrectionis Dei ac Domini nostri lesu Christi ad ipsa ubi praesumptum est loca fatigare dignemini, ut iuncti pariter cum excellentissimo uiro, fratre uestro, downo filio nostro, patricio 20 Iohanne, digna in huiuscemodi praesumptores et legitima uta¬ mini potestate. Nec in hac parte uos hominum uaniloquia retar- 5 dent dicentium, quia persecutionem ecclesia faciat, dum uel ea quae committuntur reprimit uel animarum salutem requirit. Errant huiusmodi rumoris fabulatores. Non persequitur nisi qui e ad malum cogit, qui uero malum uel factum iam punit uel prohi¬ bet ne fiat, non persequitur iste, sed diligit. Nam si, ut illi putant, nemo nec reprimendus a malo nec retrahendus ad bonum est, humanas ac diuinas leges necesse est euacuari ; quae et malis poe¬ nam et bonis praemia iustitia suadente constituunt. Malum autem 7 scisma esse et per exteras etiam potestates huiusmodi homines opprimi debere, et canonicae scripturae auctoritas et paternarum ignocenti B audere] Ewald : audire B et] add, Ewald sceleris] superscr, B imma-] corr, vid, ex in ma- B 16 assumatis (recie fortasse) I post] superscr. B donno om. I 20 digna in] E /, ex signa in E 4 : dignam B 20-21 utamini] Ezl‘. utami utimini E 21 nec] ne £ 2 » 0 P Q S T in hac parte] om. 0 P Q S T homin. nos E^ hominum] omnium S 22 ecclesiae faciat eccles. 1 commitunt. B, comittunt. Pg P 4 , conmittunt. Ei E^Ei T T reprimat 0 quae¬ rit D 24 erant Pj rumores Pj fabulatores] ex fabulatoris Og fabul. rumor. (an forte genuin. ordo?) T qui] quid ex qui quod D 25 cogit] superscr. 2 qui] quod Z), malum] om. G iam] om. H 26 sed] ex quem Q ut] in marg. P^ illi] quidam F G Hy om. O3 illi ut si I 27 nec] aut F G H, om. E^ £2 £4 I repri¬ mendus] reprehendendus Pj P^ P 4 retrahendus] ex trahendus 2 28 ac] ex hac £> 1 , hac £> 1 ^, aut £3 duinas B uacuari £1 29 constituunt] D FGH I: constituit B 0 P 2 Pi Q S Ty exigit Pj Pj, add. et item post pauca {seq. ^12j D malum] alum (init. litt. deest) £ 1 , § 7-11 seq. § 12 sub titulo: idem ad eumdem in D [eund.] £>2 autem] uero £> 1 ^, om. Pi 30 scysma Pj £> 1 ^ esse et] est £1 £) £ G H per] propter H ex¬ teras] extremas T, extraneas ex extraneos £),^ etiam] om. D 30-31 per exteras, etiam... opprimi] etiam per [propt.] exteras [extran.] potestates opprimendum [huius, homin. om. et desin.\ FGH opprimi debere homines P 31 obprimi Si debere opprimi [reprimi] £), £>3 autoritas £1 Oi S 2 , au autoritas Og 4. post sanctum diem... resurrectionis: bitterae propterea fuerunt scriptae paulum ainte diem 13 aprilis a. 559, quod probe consonat loco, quem epistula ante ep. 56 habet in Coli. Britannica. ad ipsa loca: Aquileiam videlicet, ut videtur, nam ibi veri si¬ militer degebant' et patricius loannes et schismaticus urbis episcopus. Cf. adnotationes in titulum et § 5 ep. 24, p. 73 et 75. 7. canonicae scripturae : Cf. Deut.. 13,5; / Cor., 1,10; 11,16-19- 12,24-27. EPISXUT.A 52,3-11 nos regularum ueritas docet. Et quidem scismaticos eos esse tali 8 per beatum Augustinum, quem uniuersalis ueneratur ecclesia, sen¬ tentia conuincuntur. Ait enim: Uide, utrum scisma- tici non sint, qui se ab eminentissima et ma¬ nifestissima auctoritate aposto1icarum se¬ dium separauerunt. Quisquis ergo ab apostolicis diui- 9 sus est sedibus, secundum istam beati Augustini sententiam in scismate eum esse non dubium est, et contra uniuersalem eccle- siam altare probatur erigere. Sed quid de talibus insertus Calce- 10 donensi synodo canon statuat gloria uestra consideret, ubi post alia sic dicit: Qui a communione semet ipsum sus¬ pendit ecclesiae et collectam fecit etalta- re constituit et noluit uocanti episcopo con- sentire, et noluit eidem adquiescere neque oboedire et prius et secundo uocanti, hunc omnino damnari nec umquam uel orationem mereri nec recipere eum posse honorem. Si 11 enim permanserit turbas faciens et seditio- uos O 4 et quidem] equidem 1 cismaticos £ eos] om. B^ tali] taliter D uniuersales eccles. uenerat. £i 33-34 ait enim sentent. conuinc. £ 34 conuin¬ cuntur] ly ex conuincitur £ 2 : conuincitur B^ £), add. eloquio £i ait enim uide] nide ait £i, unde ait D scima- £ 35 -tici] ex -tic (i superscr.) B 2 (?) se] om. B immi- nentissima D 36 auctorite £ 37 ergo] seq. nos lin. subnot. in T apostolicis] aposto- licarum £)i 38 -ssus £ secundum... sententiam] om. O P Q S T in] om. I 39 scis¬ mate] £i £> (I) (cf. ep. 10y l. 15-16): scisma B O P Q S Ty ex scismae (e expunx.) Oj scismate eum] scismaticum / dubium non I (cf. ep. 11, l. 12 et 40) uniuers.] ex huniuers. Si aede- £ 40 -siam] ex -sia 2 probatur] B B^D I: conatur O P Q S T insertus] ex incertus Sj, incertus Pj calci- 40-41 calced. syn. insert. can. habeat £ 41-43 consideret... altare] om. T 42 comunione ex comon. corr. vid. B2 (?) codd. aliqui orig., facit Vigil. 44 uocante P^ P 4 , euocanti orig., Vigil. 45 noluerit orig.y Vigil. eisdem P 4 , ei Pi, om. D adquiesc.] £ Oj 0^ P Si'. aquiesc. D^y ac- quiesc. O 3 O 4 P S 2 T, orig.. Vigil. 46 prius] primo Wolf v. Glanv. hunc] se in marg. delet, et cum in loco 47 dampnari £>3 O 3 O 4 P 3 P 4 Q Si Ty depredari £ un¬ quam £>1 Oj, Vigil. uel orationem] uel oratione Pj, hunc curationem orig.y Vigil. 8. tali per beatum Augustinum... sententia: Nescio ubi. Adludit forte 1 textibus, quos in ep. 35,7.10, aut in ep. 24,18 adlegavit. Cf. tamen V. WoxF V. Geanveee, o. c ., p. 112, CLXXXI, n. 4. 10. insertus Calcedonensi synodo canon: Canon videlicet 5 Cone. Antiocheni a. 341 insertus in Actionem IV, 90 Cone. Chalcedonensis. ViGixn, Ep. (damnatio) Rustico ei Sehastiano (Mansi, t. VIIII, c. 358 C-D). PEIvAGII I PAPAE EPISTmiA 52,11-16 nes ecclesiae, per extraneam potestatem tamquam seditiosum conprimi. Sed et item bea- ^2 tus Augustinus de talibus dicit: Multa etiam cum in- uitis benigna quadam asperitate plecten¬ dis agenda sunt, quorum potius utilitati consulendum est quam uoluntati. Nam in cor¬ ripiendo filio quamlibet aspere, numquam tamen amor paternus amittitur; fit tamen, quod nollet ut doleat qui etiaminuitusuide- tur dolere sanandus. Ecce uidetis, quemadmodum 13 tanti testimonio patris non persequatur cohercendo talia, sed diligat emendando tales semper ecclesia. Facite ergo etiam et 14 uos, quod, scientes intentionem christianitatis uestrae frequenter hortamur, et date operam, ut talia fieri ultra non liceat, sed et hoc, quod uobis facillimum esse non dubito, hi qui talia praesump- serunt ad piissimum principem sub digna custodia dirigantur. Re- 15 colere enim debet, celsitudo uestra, quid Deus per uos fecerit tempore illo, quo et Hystriam et Uenetias tyranno Totila possi- D O P Q S Tj debere conprimi codd. aliqui orig.. Vigil., debere conuerti orig. sed et item] B: ot 0 P Q ST, nam D 52 dicit] om. S etiam] enim B, om. D^, 52-54 mul¬ ta etiam... agenda sunt] agenda sunt autem multa etiam... August, 53 benigna] benig¬ nitate Pj 54 -dis] -da D 55 est] seq. potius dei, (lin. subnot.) in B uoluntati] alia, hic om., add. August. 56 quamlibet] B D D^, August. : quamuis 0 PQ S T nunquam Pj (om superscr.) 57 tamen] B D D^\ proi^oio August., om. 0 P Q S T amititur B 58 nollet] 0 P QS T: nolet B P,^, nolit P, August, ut] et August. etiam] add. uL Pi P 2 59 dolere] B D O^O^Q S T, August. (codd. R P): dolore 0, O 4 P, August. uidetur P, quemadmodum] ex quemadmodus 0* 60 testim. tanti patris P T, om. I, ante testimonio eras, testi B non] superscr. B persequatur] ex persequitur B, perse- quetur (?) ex persequitur I, persequitur P coherc.] B 0^ O^Q S T: coerc. Pj I Oi O 2 P sed] ex se B 2 61 diligit P Q semper tales B ecclesia] om. I et] om. (recte fortasse) D I 0 P Q S T 62 scientes] sentientes B christianit.] add. fidem 0^ 63 or- tamur Pj S ultra] ulterius S T et*] om. Sj, etiam Gratian. 64 hoc] om, P quod] quidem Oj Og hii P Q S^T praesumps. talia] Gratian. praesump-] sump- 0* O 4 ystriam O 4 tyranno totylla O 3 , tyrranno totilla O 4 , tirannus tot ila P 3 dente, Francis etiam cuncta uastantibus, non ante tamen Medio¬ lanensem episcopum fieri permisistis, nisi ad clementissimum principem exinde retuHssetis, et quid fieri debuisset eius iterum scriptis cognouissetis, et inter ubique feruentes hostes Rauennam tamen et is qui ordinabatur et is qui ordinaturus erat prouidentia culminis uestri deducti sunt. Explete ergo nunc consuetudinem 16 uestram et habebitis in hac parte et animae mercedem et opinionis gloriam. 68 -dente] -dens P 3 cunta (post parv. lacun.) Pg tamen] om. 0 71 recognouis- setis Gratian. intra Pj 72 his O 4 Pj P* P 4 h is O 4 P 3 ordinat.] ordinandus O 3 O 4 uestri culminis Pj P*. MANN, Geschichte ..., t I, p. 293-325; J. B. BuRY, 0 . c., p. 229-268; A. Nage, Totila, in Pauly-Wissowa, t. VIA 2, c. 1828-1838; B. Stein, Histoire ..., р. 283; 349; 524; 527; 567-602; 613-614; Dom A. Mund 6 , Sur la date de la visite de Totila d saint BenoU, in Rev. Bin., t. LIX, 1949, p. 203-206. Francis ... cuncta uastantibus: Innuitur forsan invasio Franco- Alamannica a. 553-554, sed sufficere potest anterior praesentia Francorum in Venetiis. Cf. B. Stein, Chronologie ..., l. c.; Idem, Histoire ..., p. 605- 611; 345; 348-349; 354; 360-36); 365; 525:527. Mediolanensem episcopum: Id est, Vitalem (aa. 552-556), qui Da¬ tio successit. Cf. F. Savio, 0 . c., p. 233-234; F. Lanzoni, 0 . c., p. 1025; B. Stein, Chronologie ..., l. c:, Idem Histoire ..., p. 653, n. 3. ordinaturus erat: Macedonius nomine (aa. 552-558). Cf. F. Lan¬ zoni, 0 . c., p. 891-892; 1025; B. Stein, Chronologie ..., ihid. culminis uestri: Qui titulus modo concedebatur iis viris, qui in summo nobilitatis gradu erant constituti, in qua dignitate, utpote patri¬ cius, erat positus Valerianus ille. Cf. P. Koch, 0 . c., p. 112; M. Bridget, 0 . с. , p. 42-43; 162; 166. 12. beatus Augustinus dicit: In Ep. 138 (ad Marcellinum), II, 14 (A. Goedbacher, CSBL., t. XLIV, p. 140, 1.2-8; Migne, PL. 33, c. 531). 15. celsitudo uestra: Similiter ac in epp. 3,2 et 8,1, p. 7 et 26. Cf. praeterea M. Bridget, 0. c., G p. 10-11. tyranno Totila: Famosus Gothorum rex, qui in Italia, continuis implicatus bellis, regnavit ab a, 541 ad m.iulium a 552. Cf. L. IVI. HarT- PEIvAGII I PAPAE Patricium loannem, ob iniuriam inflictam a schismaticis, qui eum a sua communione quasi secludere ausi sunt, solatur, eumque adhortatur ut perversos huiuscemodi homines, qui pravis operibus innotescunt, maxime vero Aquileiensem episcopum, reprimat.